Explanation:
An applet is a program downloaded from a web server to the client, usually through a web browser that provides functionality for database access, interactive web pages and communications with other users. Applets opening connections from the client machine to other machines on the network and damaging those machines, as a denial-of-service attack, pose the greatest threat to an organization and could disrupt business continuity. A program that deposits a virus on a client machine is referred to as a malicious attack (i.e., specifically meant to cause harm to a client machine), but may not necessarily result in a disruption of service. Applets that record keystrokes, and therefore, passwords, and downloaded code that reads files on a client’s hard drive relate more to organizational privacy issues, and although significant, are less likely to cause a significant disruption of service.

Explanation:
An application gateway firewall is effective in preventing applications, such as FTPs, from entering the organization network. A circuit gateway firewall is able to prevent paths or circuits, not applications, from entering the organization’s network. A packet filter firewall or screening router will allow or prevent access based on IP packets/address.

Explanation:
A screened-subnet firewall, also used as a demilitarized zone (DMZ), utilizes two packet filtering routers and a bastion host. This provides the most secure firewall system, since it supports both network- and application-level security while defining a separate
DMZ network. A screened-host firewall utilizes a packet filtering router and a bastion host. This approach implements basic network layer security (packet filtering) and application server security (proxy services). A dual- homed firewall system is a more restrictive form of a screened-host firewall system, configuring one interface for information servers and another for private network host computers. A stateful-inspection firewall working at the transport layer keeps track of the destination IP address of each packet that leaves the organization’s internal network and allows a reply from the recorded IP addresses.

Explanation:
To properly review a LAN implementation, an IS auditor should first verify the network diagram and confirm the approval. Verification of nodes from the node list and the network diagram would be next, followed by a review of the acceptance test report and then the user’s list.

Explanation:
An updated and flawless access list is a significant challenge and, therefore, has the greatest chance for errors at the time of the initial installation. Passwords do not apply to firewalls, a modem bypasses a firewall and a virus attack is not an element in implementing a firewall.

Explanation:
To trace the topology of the network, a graphical interface would be essential. It is not necessary that each network be on the internet and connected to a help desk, while the ability to export to a spreadsheet is not an essential element.

Explanation:
The communication’s interface stage requires routing verification procedures. Edi or ANSI X12 is a standard that must be interpreted by an application for transactions to be processed and then to be invoiced, paid and sent, whether they are for merchandise or services. There is no point sending and receiving EDI transactions if they cannot be processed by an internal system.
Unpacking transactions and recording audit logs are important elements that help follow business rules and establish controls, but are not part of the communication’s interface stage.

Explanation:
The common gateway interface (CGI) is a standard way for a web server to pass a user’s request to an application program and to move data back and forth to the user. When the user requests a web page (for example, by clicking on a highlighted word orienteering a web site address), the server sends back the requested page. However, when a user fills out a form on a web page and submits it, it usually needs to be processed by an application program. The web server typically passes the form information to a small application program that processes the data and may send back a confirmation message. This method, or convention, for passing data back and forth between the server and the application is called the common gateway interface (CGI). It is part of the web’s HTTP protocol.

Explanation:
DNS is utilized primarily on the Internet for resolution of the name/address of the web site. It is an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses. As names are alphabetic, they are easier to remember. However, the Internet is based on IP addresses. Every time a domain name is used, a DNS service must translate the name into the corresponding IP address. The DNS system has its own network, if one DNS server does not know how to translate a particular domain name, it asks another one, and so on, until the correct IP address is returned.

Explanation:
The greatest concern when implementing firewalls on top of commercial operating systems is the potential presence of vulnerabilities that could undermine the security posture of the firewall platform itself. In most circumstances, when commercial firewalls are breached that breach is facilitated by vulnerabilities in the underlying operating system. Keeping all installation options available on the system further increases the risks of vulnerabilities and exploits. Using SSL for firewall administration (choice A) is important, because changes in user and supply chain partners’ roles and profiles will be dynamic. Therefore, it is appropriate to maintain the firewall policies daily (choice B), and prudent to block all inbound traffic unless permitted (choice C).