Explanation: Maria is new for this organization and she does not have any idea regarding the present infrastructure. Therefore, black box testing is best suited for her. Blackbox testing is a technique in which the testing team has no knowledge about the infrastructure of the organization. The testers must first determine the location and extent of the systems before commencing their analysis. This testing technique is costly and time consuming. Answer: B is incorrect. White box testing, also known as Clear box or Glass box testing, takes into account the internal mechanism of a system or application. The connotations of “Clear box” and “Glass box” indicate that a tester has full visibility of the internal workings of the system. It uses knowledge of the internal structure of an application. It is applicable at the unit, integration, and system levels of the software testing process. It consists of the following testing methods: Control flow-based testing Create a graph from source code. Describe the flow of control through the control flow graph. Design test cases to cover certain elements of the graph. Data flow-based testing Test connections between variable definitions. Check variation of the control flow graph. Set DEF (n) contains variables that are defined at node n. Set USE (n) are variables that are read. Answer: A is incorrect. Graybox testing is a combination of whitebox testing and blackbox testing. In graybox testing, the test engineer is equipped with the knowledge of system and designs test cases or test data based on system knowledge. The security tester typically performs graybox testing to find vulnerabilities in software and network system. Answer: D is incorrect. Unit testing is a type of testing in which each independent unit of an application is tested separately. During unit testing, a developer takes the smallest unit of an application, isolates it from the rest of the application code, and tests it to determine whether it works as expected. Unit testing is performed before integrating these independent units into modules. The most common approach to unit testing requires drivers and stubs to be written. Drivers and stubs are programs. A driver simulates a calling unit, and a stub simulates a called unit.