A company has built a high performance computing (HPC) cluster in AWS for a tightly coupled workload that generates a large number of shared files stored in Amazon EFS. The cluster was performing well when the number of Amazon EC2 instances in the cluster was 100. However, when the company increased the cluster size to 1,000 EC2 instances, overall performance was well below expectations.
Which collection of design choices should a solutions architect make to achieve the maximum performance from the HPC cluster? (Choose three.)

A. Ensure the HPC cluster is launched within a single Availability Zone.
B. Launch the EC2 instances and attach elastic network interfaces in multiples of four.
C. Select EC2 instance types with an Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA) enabled.
D. Ensure the clusters is launched across multiple Availability Zones
E. Replace Amazon EFS win multiple Amazon EBS volumes in a RAID array.
F. Replace Amazon EFS with Amazon FSx for Lustre.

A media company has a static web application that is generated programmatically. The company has a build pipeline that generates HTML content that is uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket served by Amazon CloudFront. The build pipeline runs inside a Build Account. The S3 bucket and CloudFront distribution are in a Distribution Account. The build pipeline uploads the files to Amazon S3 using an IAM role in the Build Account. The S3 bucket has a bucket policy that only allows CloudFront to read objects using an origin access identity (OAI). During testing all attempts to access the application using the CloudFront URL result in an HTTP 403 Access Denied response.
What should a solutions architect suggest to the company to allow access the objects in Amazon S3 through CloudFront?

A. Modify the S3 upload process in the Build Account to add the bucket-owner-full-control ACL to the objects at upload.
B. Create a new cross-account IAM role in the Distribution Account with write access to the S3 bucket. Modify the build pipeline to assume this role to upload the files to the Distribution Account.
C. Modify the S3 upload process in the Build Account to set the object owner to the Distribution Account.
D. Create a new IAM role in the Distribution Account with read access to the S3 bucket. Configure CloudFront to use this new role as its OAI. Modify the build pipeline to assume this role when uploading files from the Build Account.

A company is migrating its applications to AWS. The applications will be deployed to AWS accounts owned by business units. The company has several teams of developers who are responsible for the development and maintenance of all applications. The company is expecting rapid growth in the number of users.
The company's chief technology officer has the following requirements:

• Developers must launch the AWS infrastructure using AWS CloudFormation.
• Developers must not be able to create resources outside of CloudFormation.
• The solution must be able to scale to hundreds of AWS accounts.

Which of the following would meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

A. Using CloudFormation, create an IAM role that can be assumed by CloudFormation that has permissions to create all the resources the company needs. Use CloudFormation StackSets to deploy this template to each AWS account.
B. In a central account, create an IAM role that can be assumed by developers, and attach a policy that allows interaction with CloudFormation. Modify the AssumeRolePolicyDocument action to allow the IAM role to be passed to CloudFormation.
C. Using CloudFormation, create an IAM role that can be assumed by developers, and attach policies that allow interaction with and passing a role to CloudFormation. Attach an inline policy to deny access to all other AWS services. Use CloudFormation StackSets to deploy this template to each AWS account.
D. Using CloudFormation, create an IAM role for each developer, and attach policies that allow interaction with CloudFormation. Use CloudFormation StackSets to deploy this template to each AWS account.
E. In a central AWS account, create an IAM role that can be assumed by CloudFormation that has permissions to create the resources the company requires. Create a CloudFormation stack policy that allows the IAM role to manage resources. Use CloudFormation StackSets to deploy the CloudFormation stack policy to each AWS account.

An enterprise company's data science team wants to provide a safe, cost-effective way to provide easy access to Amazon SageMaker. The data scientists have limited AWS knowledge and need to be able to launch a Jupyter notebook instance. The notebook instance needs to have a preconfigured AWS KMS key to encrypt data at rest on the machine learning storage volume without exposing the complex setup requirements.
Which approach will allow the company to set up a self-service mechanism for the data scientists to launch Jupyter notebooks in its AWS accounts with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

A. Create a serverless front end using a static Amazon S3 website to allow the data scientists to request a Jupyter notebook instance by filling out a form. Use Amazon API Gateway to receive requests from the S3 website and trigger a central AWS Lambda function to make an API call to Amazon SageMaker that will launch a notebook instance with a preconfigured KMS key for the data scientists. Then call back to the front-end website to display the URL to the notebook instance.
B. Create an AWS CloudFormation template to launch a Jupyter notebook instance using the AWS::SageMaker::NotebookInstance resource type with a preconfigured KMS key. Add a user-friendly name to the CloudFormation template. Display the URL to the notebook using the Outputs section. Distribute the CloudFormation template to the data scientists using a shared Amazon S3 bucket.
C. Create an AWS CloudFormation template to launch a Jupyter notebook instance using the AWS::SageMaker::NotebookInstance resource type with a preconfigured KMS key. Simplify the parameter names, such as the instance size, by mapping them to Small, Large, and X-Large using the Mappings section in CloudFormation. Display the URL to the notebook using the Outputs section, then upload the template into an AWS Service Catalog product in the data scientist's portfolio, and share it with the data scientist's IAM role.
D. Create an AWS CLI script that the data scientists can run locally. Provide step-by-step instructions about the parameters to be provided while executing the AWS CLI script to launch a Jupyter notebook with a preconfigured KMS key. Distribute the CLI script to the data scientists using a shared Amazon S3 bucket.

A company is migrating its three-tier web application from on-premises to the AWS Cloud. The company has the following requirements for the migration process:

• Ingest machine images from the on-premises environment.
• Synchronize changes from the on-premises environment to the AWS environment until the production cutover.
• Minimize downtime when executing the production cutover.
• Migrate the virtual machines’ root volumes and data volumes.

Which solution will satisfy these requirements with minimal operational overhead?

A. Use AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) to create and launch a replication job for each tier of the application. Launch instances from the AMIs created by AWS SMS. After initial testing, perform a final replication and create new instances from the updated AMIs.
B. Create an AWS CLI VM Import/Export script to migrate each virtual machine. Schedule the script to run incrementally to maintain changes in the application. Launch instances from the AMIs created by VM Import/Export. Once testing is done, rerun the script to do a final import and launch the instances from the AMIs.
C. Use AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) to upload the operating system volumes. Use the AWS CLI import-snapshot command for the data volumes. Launch instances from the AMIs created by AWS SMS and attach the data volumes to the instances. After initial testing, perform a final replication, launch new instances from the replicated AMIs, and attach the data volumes to the instances.
D. Use AWS Application Discovery Service and AWS Migration Hub to group the virtual machines as an application. Use the AWS CLI VM Import/Export script to import the virtual machines as AMIs. Schedule the script to run incrementally to maintain changes in the application. Launch instances from the AMIs. After initial testing, perform a final virtual machine import and launch new instances from the AMIs.

A company is planning to deploy a new business analytics application that requires 10,000 hours of compute time each month. The compute resources can have flexible availability, but must be as cost-effective as possible. The company will also provide a reporting service to distribute analytics reports, which needs to run at all times.
How should the Solutions Architect design a solution that meets these requirements?

A. Deploy the reporting service on a Spot Fleet. Deploy the analytics application as a container in Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate as the compute option. Set the analytics application to use a custom metric with Service Auto Scaling.
B. Deploy the reporting service on an On-Demand Instance. Deploy the analytics application as a container in AWS Batch with AWS Fargate as the compute option. Set the analytics application to use a custom metric with Service Auto Scaling.
C. Deploy the reporting service as a container in Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate as the compute option. Deploy the analytics application on a Spot Fleet. Set the analytics application to use a custom metric with Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling applied to the Spot Fleet.
D. Deploy the reporting service as a container in Amazon ECS with AWS Fargate as the compute option. Deploy the analytics application on an On-Demand Instance and purchase a Reserved Instance with a 3-year term. Set the analytics application to use a custom metric with Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling applied to the On-Demand Instance.

A company currently has data hosted in an IBM Db2 database. A web application calls an API that runs stored procedures on the database to retrieve user information data that is read-only. This data is historical in nature and changes on a daily basis. When a user logs in to the application, this data needs to be retrieved within 3 seconds. Each time a user logs in, the stored procedures run. Users log in several times a day to check stock prices.
Running this database has become cost-prohibitive due to Db2 CPU licensing. Performance goals are not being met. Timeouts from Db2 are common due to long-running queries.
Which approach should a solutions architect take to migrate this solution to AWS?

A. Rehost the Db2 database in Amazon Fargate. Migrate all the data. Enable caching in Fargate. Refactor the API to use the Fargate Db2 database. Implement Amazon API Gateway and enable API caching.
B. Use AWS DMS to migrate data to Amazon DynamoDB using a continuous replication task. Refactor the API to use the DynamoDB data. Implement the refactored API in Amazon API Gateway and enable API caching.
C. Create a local cache on the mainframe to store query outputs. Use SFTP to sync to Amazon S3 on a daily basis. Refactor the API to use Amazon EFS. Implement Amazon API Gateway and enable API caching.
D. Extract data daily and copy the data to AWS Snowball for storage on Amazon S3. Sync daily. Refactor the API to use the S3 data. Implement Amazon API Gateway and enable API caching.

A company plans to refactor a monolithic application into a modern application design deployed on AWS. The CI/CD pipeline needs to be upgraded to support the modern design for the application with the following requirements:

• It should allow changes to be released several times every hour.
• It should be able to roll back the changes as quickly as possible.

Which design will meet these requirements?

A. Deploy a CI/CD pipeline that incorporates AMIs to contain the application and their configurations. Deploy the application by replacing Amazon EC2 instances.
B. Specify AWS Elastic Beanstalk to stage in a secondary environment as the deployment target for the CI/CD pipeline of the application. To deploy, swap the staging and production environment URLs.
C. Use AWS Systems Manager to re-provision the infrastructure for each deployment. Update the Amazon EC2 user data to pull the latest code artifact from Amazon S3 and use Amazon Route 53 weighted routing to point to the new environment.
D. Roll out the application updates as part of an Auto Scaling event using prebuilt AMIs. Use new versions of the AMIs to add instances, and phase out all instances that use the previous AMI version with the configured termination policy during a deployment event.

A web application is hosted in a dedicated VPC that is connected to a company’s on-premises data center over a Site-to-Site VPN connection. The application is accessible from the company network only. This is a temporary non-production application that is used during business hours. The workload is generally low with occasional surges.
The application has an Amazon Aurora MySQL provisioned database cluster on the backend. The VPC has an internet gateway and a NAT gateways attached. The web servers are in private subnets in an Auto Scaling group behind an Elastic Load Balancer. The web servers also upload data to an Amazon S3 bucket through the internet.
A solutions architect needs to reduce operational costs and simplify the architecture.
Which strategy should the solutions architect use?

A. Review the Auto Scaling group settings and ensure the scheduled actions are specified to operate the Amazon EC2 instances during business hours only. Use 3-year scheduled Reserved Instances for the web server EC2 instances. Detach the internet gateway and remove the NAT gateways from the VPC. Use an Aurora Serverless database and set up a VPC endpoint for the S3 bucket.
B. Review the Auto Scaling group settings and ensure the scheduled actions are specified to operate the Amazon EC2 instances during business hours only. Detach the internet gateway and remove the NAT gateways from the VPC. Use an Aurora Serverless database and set up a VPC endpoint for the S3 bucket, then update the network routing and security rules and policies related to the changes.
C. Review the Auto Scaling group settings and ensure the scheduled actions are specified to operate the Amazon EC2 instances during business hours only. Detach the internet gateway from the VPC, and use an Aurora Serverless database. Set up a VPC endpoint for the S3 bucket, then update the network routing and security rules and policies related to the changes.
D. Use 3-year scheduled Reserved Instances for the web server Amazon EC2 instances. Remove the NAT gateways from the VPC, and set up a VPC endpoint for the S3 bucket. Use Amazon CloudWatch and AWS Lambda to stop and start the Aurora DB cluster so it operates during business hours only. Update the network routing and security rules and policies related to the changes.

A solutions architect is designing a publicly accessible web application that is on an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an Amazon S3 website endpoint as the origin. When the solution is deployed, the website returns an Error 403: Access Denied message.
Which steps should the solutions architect take to correct the issue? (Choose two.)

A. Remove the S3 block public access option from the S3 bucket.
B. Remove the requester pays option from the S3 bucket.
C. Remove the origin access identity (OAI) from the CloudFront distribution.
D. Change the storage class from S3 Standard to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA).
E. Disable S3 object versioning.