When developing a shell script intended for interpretation in Bash, the interpreter /bin/bash should be explicitly specified.
Which of the following character combinations should be used on the first line of the script to accomplish this goal?

A. <#
B. <$
C. ##
D. #$
E. #!

In an unprotected network file repository, a penetration tester discovers a text file containing usernames and passwords in cleartext and a spreadsheet containing data for 50 employees, including full names, roles, and serial numbers. The tester realizes some of the passwords in the text file follow the format: <name- serial_number>.
Which of the following would be the best action for the tester to take NEXT with this information?

A. Create a custom password dictionary as preparation for password spray testing.
B. Recommend using a password manager/vault instead of text files to store passwords securely.
C. Recommend configuring password complexity rules in all the systems and applications.
D. Document the unprotected file repository as a finding in the penetration-testing report.

DRAG DROP
During a penetration test, you gain access to a system with a limited user interface. This machine appears to have access to an isolated network that you would like to port scan.
INSTRUCTIONS
Analyze the code segments to determine which sections are needed to complete a port scanning script.
Drag the appropriate elements into the correct locations to complete the script.
If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
Select and Place:

A penetration tester is exploring a client's website. The tester performs a curl command and obtains the following:

Which of the following tools would be BEST for the penetration tester to use to explore this site further?

A. Burp Suite
B. DirBuster
C. WPScan
D. OWASP ZAP

Which of the following documents describes specific activities, deliverables, and schedules for a penetration tester?

A. NDA
B. MSA
C. SOW
D. MOU

A penetration tester is able to capture the NTLM challenge-response traffic between a client and a server.
Which of the following can be done with the pcap to gain access to the server?

A. Perform vertical privilege escalation.
B. Replay the captured traffic to the server to recreate the session.
C. Use John the Ripper to crack the password.
D. Utilize a pass-the-hash attack.

A security company has been contracted to perform a scoped insider-threat assessment to try to gain access to the human resources server that houses PII and salary data. The penetration testers have been given an internal network starting position.
Which of the following actions, if performed, would be ethical within the scope of the assessment?

A. Exploiting a configuration weakness in the SQL database
B. Intercepting outbound TLS traffic
C. Gaining access to hosts by injecting malware into the enterprise-wide update server
D. Leveraging a vulnerability on the internal CA to issue fraudulent client certificates
E. Establishing and maintaining persistence on the domain controller

A penetration tester recently performed a social-engineering attack in which the tester found an employee of the target company at a local coffee shop and over time built a relationship with the employee. On the employee's birthday, the tester gave the employee an external hard drive as a gift.
Which of the following social-engineering attacks was the tester utilizing?

A. Phishing
B. Tailgating
C. Baiting
D. Shoulder surfing

A penetration tester has gained access to a network device that has a previously unknown IP range on an interface. Further research determines this is an always-on VPN tunnel to a third-party supplier.
Which of the following is the BEST action for the penetration tester to take?

A. Utilize the tunnel as a means of pivoting to other internal devices.
B. Disregard the IP range, as it is out of scope.
C. Stop the assessment and inform the emergency contact.
D. Scan the IP range for additional systems to exploit.

A penetration tester has been given an assignment to attack a series of targets in the 192.168.1.0/24 range, triggering as few alarms and countermeasures as possible.
Which of the following Nmap scan syntaxes would BEST accomplish this objective?

A. nmap -sT -vvv -O 192.168.1.2/24 -PO
B. nmap -sV 192.168.1.2/24 -PO
C. nmap -sA -v -O 192.168.1.2/24
D. nmap -sS -O 192.168.1.2/24 -T1