Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent is successfully delivering logs to the CloudWatch Logs service. However, logs stop being delivered after the associated log stream has been active for a specific number of hours.
What steps are necessary to identify the cause of this phenomenon? (Choose two.)

A. Ensure that file permissions for monitored files that allow the CloudWatch Logs agent to read the file have not been modified.
B. Verify that the OS Log rotation rules are compatible with the configuration requirements for agent streaming.
C. Configure an Amazon Kinesis producer to first put the logs into Amazon Kinesis Streams.
D. Create a CloudWatch Logs metric to isolate a value that changes at least once during the period before logging stops.
E. Use AWS CloudFormation to dynamically create and maintain the configuration file for the CloudWatch Logs agent.

A company has multiple production AWS accounts. Each account has AWS CloudTrail configured to log to a single Amazon S3 bucket in a central account. Two of the production accounts have trails that are not logging anything to the S3 bucket.
Which steps should be taken to troubleshoot the issue? (Choose three.)

A. Verify that the log file prefix is set to the name of the S3 bucket where the logs should go.
B. Verify that the S3 bucket policy allows access for CloudTrail from the production AWS account IDs.
C. Create a new CloudTrail configuration in the account, and configure it to log to the account’s S3 bucket.
D. Confirm in the CloudTrail Console that each trail is active and healthy.
E. Open the global CloudTrail configuration in the master account, and verify that the storage location is set to the correct S3 bucket.
F. Confirm in the CloudTrail Console that the S3 bucket name is set correctly.

Which approach will generate automated security alerts should too many unauthorized AWS API requests be identified?

A. Create an Amazon CloudWatch metric filter that looks for API call error codes and then implement an alarm based on that metric’s rate.
B. Configure AWS CloudTrail to stream event data to Amazon Kinesis. Configure an AWS Lambda function on the stream to alarm when the threshold has been exceeded.
C. Run an Amazon Athena SQL query against CloudTrail log files. Use Amazon QuickSight to create an operational dashboard.
D. Use the Amazon Personal Health Dashboard to monitor the account’s use of AWS services, and raise an alert if service error rates increase.

A Security Engineer has been asked to troubleshoot inbound connectivity to a web server. This single web server is not receiving inbound connections from the internet, whereas all other web servers are functioning properly.
The architecture includes network ACLs, security groups, and a virtual security appliance. In addition, the Development team has implemented Application Load Balancers (ALBs) to distribute the load across all web servers. It is a requirement that traffic between the web servers and the internet flow through the virtual security appliance.
The Security Engineer has verified the following:

1. The rule set in the Security Groups is correct
2. The rule set in the network ACLs is correct
3. The rule set in the virtual appliance is correct

Which of the following are other valid items to troubleshoot in this scenario? (Choose two.)

A. Verify that the 0.0.0.0/0 route in the route table for the web server subnet points to a NAT gateway.
B. Verify which Security Group is applied to the particular web server’s elastic network interface (ENI).
C. Verify that the 0.0.0.0/0 route in the route table for the web server subnet points to the virtual security appliance.
D. Verify the registered targets in the ALB.
E. Verify that the 0.0.0.0/0 route in the public subnet points to a NAT gateway.

A Solutions Architect is designing a web application that uses Amazon CloudFront, an Elastic Load Balancing Application Load Balancer, and an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances. The load balancer and EC2 instances are in the US West (Oregon) region. It has been decided that encryption in transit is necessary by using a customer-branded domain name from the client to CloudFront and from CloudFront to the load balancer.
Assuming that AWS Certificate Manager is used, how many certificates will need to be generated?

A. One in the US West (Oregon) region and one in the US East (Virginia) region.
B. Two in the US West (Oregon) region and none in the US East (Virginia) region.
C. One in the US West (Oregon) region and none in the US East (Virginia) region.
D. Two in the US East (Virginia) region and none in the US West (Oregon) region.

A company uses AWS Organization to manage 50 AWS accounts. The finance staff members log in as AWS IAM users in the FinanceDept AWS account. The staff members need to read the consolidated billing information in the MasterPayer AWS account. They should not be able to view any other resources in the MasterPayer AWS account. IAM access to billing has been enabled in the MasterPayer account.
Which of the following approaches grants the finance staff the permissions they require without granting any unnecessary permissions?

A. Create an IAM group for the finance users in the FinanceDept account, then attach the AWS managed ReadOnlyAccess IAM policy to the group.
B. Create an IAM group for the finance users in the MasterPayer account, then attach the AWS managed ReadOnlyAccess IAM policy to the group.
C. Create an AWS IAM role in the FinanceDept account with the ViewBilling permission, then grant the finance users in the MasterPayer account the permission to assume that role.
D. Create an AWS IAM role in the MasterPayer account with the ViewBilling permission, then grant the finance users in the FinanceDept account the permission to assume that role.

The Security Engineer created a new AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key with the following key policy:

What are the effects of the key policy? (Choose two.)

A. The policy allows access for the AWS account 111122223333 to manage key access though IAM policies.
B. The policy allows all IAM users in account 111122223333 to have full access to the KMS key.
C. The policy allows the root user in account 111122223333 to have full access to the KMS key.
D. The policy allows the KMS service-linked role in account 111122223333 to have full access to the KMS key.
E. The policy allows all IAM roles in account 111122223333 to have full access to the KMS key.

A pharmaceutical company has digitized versions of historical prescriptions stored on premises. The company would like to move these prescriptions to AWS and perform analytics on the data in them. Any operation with this data requires that the data be encrypted in transit and at rest.
Which application flow would meet the data protection requirements on AWS?

A. Digitized files -> Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics
B. Digitized files -> Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose -> Amazon S3 -> Amazon Athena
C. Digitized files -> Amazon Kinesis Data Streams -> Kinesis Client Library consumer -> Amazon S3 -> Athena
D. Digitized files -> Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose -> Amazon Elasticsearch

The InfoSec team has mandated that in the future only approved Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) can be used.
How can the InfoSec team ensure compliance with this mandate?

A. Terminate all Amazon EC2 instances and relaunch them with approved AMIs.
B. Patch all running instances by using AWS Systems Manager.
C. Deploy AWS Config rules and check all running instances for compliance.
D. Define a metric filter in Amazon CloudWatch Logs to verify compliance.

A Security Engineer has been asked to create an automated process to disable IAM user access keys that are more than three months old.
Which of the following options should the Security Engineer use?

A. In the AWS Console, choose the IAM service and select “Users”. Review the “Access Key Age” column.
B. Define an IAM policy that denies access if the key age is more than three months and apply to all users.
C. Write a script that uses the GenerateCredentialReport, GetCredentialReport, and UpdateAccessKey APIs.
D. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to detect aged access keys and use an AWS Lambda function to disable the keys older than 90 days.