A Software Engineer is trying to figure out why network connectivity to an Amazon EC2 instance does not appear to be working correctly. Its security group allows inbound HTTP traffic from 0.0.0.0/0, and the outbound rules have not been modified from the default. A custom network ACL associated with its subnet allows inbound HTTP traffic from 0.0.0.0/0 and has no outbound rules.
What would resolve the connectivity issue?

A. The outbound rules on the security group do not allow the response to be sent to the client on the ephemeral port range.
B. The outbound rules on the security group do not allow the response to be sent to the client on the HTTP port.
C. An outbound rule must be added to the network ACL to allow the response to be sent to the client on the ephemeral port range.
D. An outbound rule must be added to the network ACL to allow the response to be sent to the client on the HTTP port.

The Security Engineer for a mobile game has to implement a method to authenticate users so that they can save their progress. Because most of the users are part of the same OpenID-Connect compatible social media website, the Security Engineer would like to use that as the identity provider.
Which solution is the SIMPLEST way to allow the authentication of users using their social media identities?

A. Amazon Cognito
B. AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity API
C. Amazon Cloud Directory
D. Active Directory (AD) Connector

An application outputs logs to a text file. The logs must be continuously monitored for security incidents.
Which design will meet the requirements with MINIMUM effort?

A. Create a scheduled process to copy the component’s logs into Amazon S3. Use S3 events to trigger a Lambda function that updates Amazon CloudWatch metrics with the log data. Set up CloudWatch alerts based on the metrics.
B. Install and configure the Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent on the application’s EC2 instance. Create a CloudWatch metric filter to monitor the application logs. Set up CloudWatch alerts based on the metrics.
C. Create a scheduled process to copy the application log files to AWS CloudTrail. Use S3 events to trigger Lambda functions that update CloudWatch metrics with the log data. Set up CloudWatch alerts based on the metrics.
D. Create a file watcher that copies data to Amazon Kinesis when the application writes to the log file. Have Kinesis trigger a Lambda function to update Amazon CloudWatch metrics with the log data. Set up CloudWatch alerts based on the metrics.

An organization has tens of applications deployed on thousands of Amazon EC2 instances. During testing, the Application team needs information to let them know whether the network access control lists (network ACLs) and security groups are working as expected.
How can the Application team’s requirements be met?

A. Turn on VPC Flow Logs, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon Athena to query the logs.
B. Install an Amazon Inspector agent on each EC2 instance, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon EMR to query the logs.
C. Create an AWS Config rule for each network ACL and security group configuration, send the logs to Amazon S3, and use Amazon Athena to query the logs.
D. Turn on AWS CloudTrail, send the trails to Amazon S3, and use AWS Lambda to query the trails.

A Developer’s laptop was stolen. The laptop was not encrypted, and it contained the SSH key used to access multiple Amazon EC2 instances. A Security Engineer has verified that the key has not been used, and has blocked port 22 to all EC2 instances while developing a response plan.
How can the Security Engineer further protect currently running instances?

A. Delete the key-pair key from the EC2 console, then create a new key pair.
B. Use the modify-instance-attributeAPI to change the key on any EC2 instance that is using the key.
C. Use the EC2 RunCommand to modify the authorized_keys file on any EC2 instance that is using the key.
D. Update the key pair in any AMI used to launch the EC2 instances, then restart the EC2 instances.

An application has been written that publishes custom metrics to Amazon CloudWatch. Recently, IAM changes have been made on the account and the metrics are no longer being reported.
Which of the following is the LEAST permissive solution that will allow the metrics to be delivered?

A. Add a statement to the IAM policy used by the application to allow logs:putLogEventsand logs:createLogStream
B. Modify the IAM role used by the application by adding the CloudWatchFullAccessmanaged policy.
C. Add a statement to the IAM policy used by the application to allow cloudwatch:putMetricData.
D. Add a trust relationship to the IAM role used by the application for cloudwatch.amazonaws.com.

The Development team receives an error message each time the team members attempt to encrypt or decrypt a Secure String parameter from the SSM Parameter Store by using an AWS KMS customer managed key (CMK).
Which CMK-related issues could be responsible? (Choose two.)

A. The CMK specified in the application does not exist.
B. The CMK specified in the application is currently in use.
C. The CMK specified in the application is using the CMK KeyID instead of CMK Amazon Resource Name.
D. The CMK specified in the application is not enabled.
E. The CMK specified in the application is using an alias.

A Security Engineer is trying to determine whether the encryption keys used in an AWS service are in compliance with certain regulatory standards.
Which of the following actions should the Engineer perform to get further guidance?

A. Read the AWS Customer Agreement.
B. Use AWS Artifact to access AWS compliance reports.
C. Post the question on the AWS Discussion Forums.
D. Run AWS Config and evaluate the configuration outputs.

A Software Engineer wrote a customized reporting service that will run on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The company security policy states that application logs for the reporting service must be centrally collected.
What is the MOST efficient way to meet these requirements?

A. Write an AWS Lambda function that logs into the EC2 instance to pull the application logs from the EC2 instance and persists them into an Amazon S3 bucket.
B. Enable AWS CloudTrail logging for the AWS account, create a new Amazon S3 bucket, and then configure Amazon CloudWatch Logs to receive the application logs from CloudTrail.
C. Create a simple cron job on the EC2 instances that synchronizes the application logs to an Amazon S3 bucket by using rsync.
D. Install the Amazon CloudWatch Logs Agent on the EC2 instances, and configure it to send the application logs to CloudWatch Logs.

A Security Engineer who was reviewing AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key policies found this statement in each key policy in the company AWS account.

What does the statement allow?

A. All principals from all AWS accounts to use the key.
B. Only the root user from account 111122223333 to use the key.
C. All principals from account 111122223333 to use the key but only on Amazon S3.
D. Only principals from account 111122223333 that have an IAM policy applied that grants access to this key to use the key.