A Security Administrator is restricting the capabilities of company root user accounts. The company uses AWS Organizations and has enabled it for all feature sets, including consolidated billing. The top-level account is used for billing and administrative purposes, not for operational AWS resource purposes.
How can the Administrator restrict usage of member root user accounts across the organization?

A. Disable the use of the root user account at the organizational root. Enable multi-factor authentication of the root user account for each organizational member account.
B. Configure IAM user policies to restrict root account capabilities for each Organizations member account.
C. Create an organizational unit (OU) in Organizations with a service control policy that controls usage of the root user. Add all operational accounts to the new OU.
D. Configure AWS CloudTrail to integrate with Amazon CloudWatch Logs and then create a metric filter for RootAccountUsage.

An application is currently secured using network access control lists and security groups. Web servers are located in public subnets behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB); application servers are located in private subnets.
How can edge security be enhanced to safeguard the Amazon EC2 instances against attack? (Choose two.)

A. Configure the application’s EC2 instances to use NAT gateways for all inbound traffic.
B. Move the web servers to private subnets without public IP addresses.
C. Configure AWS WAF to provide DDoS attack protection for the ALB.
D. Require all inbound network traffic to route through a bastion host in the private subnet.
E. Require all inbound and outbound network traffic to route through an AWS Direct Connect connection.

Compliance requirements state that all communications between company on-premises hosts and EC2 instances be encrypted in transit. Hosts use custom proprietary protocols for their communication, and EC2 instances need to be fronted by a load balancer for increased availability.
Which of the following solutions will meet these requirements?

A. Offload SSL termination onto an SSL listener on a Classic Load Balancer, and use a TCP connection between the load balancer and the EC2 instances.
B. Route all traffic through a TCP listener on a Classic Load Balancer, and terminate the TLS connection on the EC2 instances.
C. Create an HTTPS listener using an Application Load Balancer, and route all of the communication through that load balancer.
D. Offload SSL termination onto an SSL listener using an Application Load Balancer, and re-spawn and SSL connection between the load balancer and the EC2 instances.

A company has contracted with a third party to audit several AWS accounts. To enable the audit, cross-account IAM roles have been created in each account targeted for audit. The Auditor is having trouble accessing some of the accounts.
Which of the following may be causing this problem? (Choose three.)

A. The external ID used by the Auditor is missing or incorrect.
B. The Auditor is using the incorrect password.
C. The Auditor has not been granted sts:AssumeRolefor the role in the destination account.
D. The Amazon EC2 role used by the Auditor must be set to the destination account role.
E. The secret key used by the Auditor is missing or incorrect.
F. The role ARN used by the Auditor is missing or incorrect.

A company wants to control access to its AWS resources by using identities and groups that are defined in its existing Microsoft Active Directory.
What must the company create in its AWS account to map permissions for AWS services to Active Directory user attributes?

A. AWS IAM groups
B. AWS IAM users
C. AWS IAM roles
D. AWS IAM access keys

The Security Engineer implemented a new vault lock policy for 10TB of data and called initiate-vault-lock12 hours ago. The Audit team identified a typo that is allowing incorrect access to the vault.
What is the MOST cost-effective way to correct this?

A. Call the abort-vault-lockoperation, fix the typo, and call the initiate-vault-lockagain.
B. Copy the vault data to Amazon S3, delete the vault, and create a new vault with the data.
C. Update the policy, keeping the vault lock in place.
D. Update the policy and call initiate-vault-lockagain to apply the new policy.

The Security team believes that a former employee may have gained unauthorized access to AWS resources sometime in the past 3 months by using an identified access key.
What approach would enable the Security team to find out what the former employee may have done within AWS?

A. Use the AWS CloudTrail console to search for user activity.
B. Use the Amazon CloudWatch Logs console to filter CloudTrail data by user.
C. Use AWS Config to see what actions were taken by the user.
D. Use Amazon Athena to query CloudTrail logs stored in Amazon S3.